Through artificial means which include canals, dams, barrages, karez.
By utilizing subsoil, installing tube wells a rain.
73% of Pakistan's cultivated area depends upon artificial sources of irrigation.
Canal System:
Pakistan has the largest canal system in the world. There is a widespread system of canals in Punjab and Sindh through barrages and dams. There are a few canals in Baluchistan too. The canals are the most significant source of irrigation. River water is provided to distant areas through canals.Types of Canals:
There are two types of Canals.- Perennial Canals: They flow throughout the year.
- Non-Perennial Canals: They flow only during the rainy season or at times of flood.
There are 18 headworks and barrages and 38 big canals in Pakistan. There are two large dams i.e Mangla located on the Jhelum River in the Mirpur District of Azad Kashmir and Terbela in Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and a few small dams like Warsak located on the Kabul River in the Valley of Peshawar, and Ghazi Barotha. These dams provide water to the canals. The two big dams Mangla and Terbela were built under an agreement called "Indus Basin Treaty".